Through the Weatherization Assistance Program (WAP), the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) issues grants to states, territories, and some Indian tribes to improve the energy efficiency of low-income homes in their jurisdictions. The DOE and state governments do not directly issue grants to low-income families or perform the retrofits. Instead, states, territories and Indian governments contract with local governments and nonprofit agencies who provide the weatherization services. Low-income homes that qualify for the program will receive free weatherization services based on the needs of the home, and the rules established by the state.

Interested low-income families will need to apply for assistance through their state weatherization agency. Each state establishes its own income requirements based on DOE guidelines. However, under DOE guidelines, applicants are automatically eligible to receive weatherization assistance (pending the availability of funds) if they receive Supplemental Security Income or Aid to Families with Dependent Children. In other cases, states give preference to:

• People over 60 years of age
• Families with one or more members with a disability
• Families with children (in most states)

Weatherization as defined by the WAP includes a wide variety of energy efficiency measures that encompass the building envelope, its heating and cooling systems, its electrical system, and electricity consuming appliances. WAP serves low-income homes free of charge and limits the amount of money that can be spent on any single residence as determined by federal rules. The average expenditure is $6,500. As a result, only the most cost-effective measures are included in the upgrade of a particular home. 

For more information, interested parties should contact their state weatherization agency.

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